Is TV news a window on the world
The title is asking us if TV news is showing the news through a window in a non deist way. It is asking us if the news tells us in a way that it is telling us news from all around the world, without it going through a strict elimination process.
Some stories cost a lot of money to follow so must news companies have different reporters in different countries so that they dont have to pay to send out a reporter to a different country paying for travel and living costs whilst out there. There was a fomous story in the early day of ITV where there was a mass killing of cevilians by the chinese government.
The news is both, It is a window on the world, but it is also not a window on the earth as it is selected. First the news is a window on the earth as it has news from around the world that the news companies believe that the general public need to know. It also gives us news that have just happened and that are more important for people to see. They also persuade the public that it is a window on the earth by how the news is presented. For example in the introduction of the news, they persuade us by having images of the earth and satellites which makes us think that they are looking at the earth. They also do this by persuasion. For example how the news readers look and represent the news. The news readers are usually middle aged men, mostly from London, and smartly dressed. And a young woman, around mid 20s.
This also leads to why the news isn't a window on the earth. First the news is very biased, as the news that is selected is usually middle aged, straight males, with a good qualification which makes it his opinion of what news deserves to be shown on TV, where as if the news wasn't biased they would have people of all ages, sex and ethnic backgrounds. Also we know that the news is put into order of what the journalist thinks that is most important to the public. But it changes if anything new and big pops up, they put that as the priority.
The intro to the news also gives us the impression that it is real and is urgent by the intro having rapid moving images going across the screen as if it is panicking and rushing around, which resembles the news being given to us as fast as it can be given. You also get the images of the world which makes it look like we are looking from a satellite about to send the information to the news team. And finally we get images or names of some of the world biggest and powerful countries. this makes it feel that the news are connected to all of the leading countries. Which makes us feel they are connected to the world.
The news has to follow strict laws that where set by OFCOM. For example section 5. These rules say that the news shouldn't be one sided and unfair when it comes to a story. These rules also say that the news report is protrude correctly and that the news reporter should act with impartiality.
Also the BBC code of practise are rules organised between OFCOM and the BBC to ensure that everything that the BBC does and shows is appropriate for the public to see.
The news is gathered from many different locations and people. Most of the news is given by the emergency services. For example if there is a mass killing crime, the news researchers will go up the police and gather as much news and information about the crime. They also get there news from having researchers all around the world in many of the worlds biggest countries.
In 1973 Galtung and ruge, TV news researchers believe that the stories that we show on the news is selected by certain categories. They said that the news went thought these categories in the top 12 most segnificent order.
1.Frequency Short-term events like murders are preferred over long-term developments like a famine
2.Threshold
Basically the size of an event indicates his importance
3.Unambiguity
Events do not have to be simple but they must be accessible to the public - i.e. simplified by the media
4.Meaningfulness
Divided into two categories after Galtung and Ruge’s‘Familiarity’: a)
cultural proximity
in which the event agrees with the outlook of a specific culture; b)
relevance
where events will be reported and discussed if they seem to have an impact on the ‘home’ culture, especially athreat
5.Consonance
Or ‘correspondence’ where the familiar is more likely to be thought than the unfamiliar
6.Unexpectedness
Or ‘surprise’ where it is the rarity of an event whichleads to its circulation in the public domain; Dutton notes that the ‘newness’ of the event is usually processed through a familiar context. It has to work with 4 and 5.
7.Continuity
Once a story achieves importance will be continued to be covered for some time
8.Composition
This is to provide a sense of balance, gloomy news with good news, foreign with domestic.
9.Reference to elite nations
Events are more likely to be reported if they occur in the developed world; the threshold system would apply for developing countries’ events to be reported
10.Reference to elite persons
The famous and the powerful are more newsworthy than ordinary people
11.Personalisation
Events are seen as actions of people as individuals; an institution may be personalised by reference to a prominent person within that organisation
12.Negativity
Bad news is good for the press and TV news; the threshold is much lower for bad news than for good news.
This list was found by http://heworthmediastudies.blogspot.co.uk/2010/04/galtung-and-ruge-news-values-theory.html
The news is chosen by the news reporter and the other researchers sitting down and going through the main news that they have selected that is the best to put on the news. They select a number of stories and altercate a time span that, that story can have. The bigger the story is, the longer the story has on the news.
But some laws that prevent some stories getting on to the news. This is to prevent anything offencive or harmful that could effect children under the age of 18. These rules where inforced by OFCOM. Also news stories that could be betrayed as rasism. These stories have to be checked through by OFCOM, which check through their rules, and see if any of the stories cannot be used. If so that story will have to be scrapped as the news cannot change the news, or be biast to a story.
Some stories cost lots of money to follow as you have to send reporters out to the countries where the stories are, and you have to pay the cost of them getting there, food and living accomidation whilst out there. This is why most news companies have reporters from different countries to save on costs. A good example of cost is in the early days of ITV where there were a story about the chinese government killing mass number of chinese citivens, and ITV had ran out of money at the time, and didnt have enough money to send a reporter to cover the story. Where as BBC had money at the time and was able to send a reporter, leading them to making a huge profit leading to better success.
Competition between news companies can cause
some stories to be left out and never followed up
from. Because if all the news reporters are
concertrating on one story, there is no one
concentrating on the other stories. Even knowing
that the BBC and ITV are two different media
companies, and there are many news stories every day they both mainly cover the same stories. The images to the left are screen shots of BBC and ITV both covering the stories of Jimmy Savlle and Abu Qatada on the same day.
The order of the news can be changed even after the final list had been done, this is due to a late breaking story, Late breaking stories are more important that the current news that is selected. The researcher will place this story as the main priority, which means that one of the littler stories in taken off the list. This story will not be shown on the TV again and will just be scrapped.
This leads on to technical problems. This can happen any time whilst live on the news. Just one of the examples of this is when they go live to a reporter in a different country, but due to bad weather or signal the image would be lost so the news reporters would have to react quickly to change to story.
When it comes to get footage for a news story, most of the footage that is shown on is mainly footage that they get from their archives. This is because it costs to send out a pamera man to get the footage that is needed for the certain story.
The news is as far as it could possible be from being a window on the world because the news that is selected is chosen mostly by one select group of men which makes it a window on the world for them and not for women, children, boys, girls and different ethnic backgrounds. I believe that it isnt because they protray people in the wrong way through the news. For example people believe that the youth are dangerous people just because the news shows some youth behaving badly, where as people of all ages and sex do it as well.
This also leads to why the news isn't a window on the earth. First the news is very biased, as the news that is selected is usually middle aged, straight males, with a good qualification which makes it his opinion of what news deserves to be shown on TV, where as if the news wasn't biased they would have people of all ages, sex and ethnic backgrounds. Also we know that the news is put into order of what the journalist thinks that is most important to the public. But it changes if anything new and big pops up, they put that as the priority.
The intro to the news also gives us the impression that it is real and is urgent by the intro having rapid moving images going across the screen as if it is panicking and rushing around, which resembles the news being given to us as fast as it can be given. You also get the images of the world which makes it look like we are looking from a satellite about to send the information to the news team. And finally we get images or names of some of the world biggest and powerful countries. this makes it feel that the news are connected to all of the leading countries. Which makes us feel they are connected to the world.
The news has to follow strict laws that where set by OFCOM. For example section 5. These rules say that the news shouldn't be one sided and unfair when it comes to a story. These rules also say that the news report is protrude correctly and that the news reporter should act with impartiality.Also the BBC code of practise are rules organised between OFCOM and the BBC to ensure that everything that the BBC does and shows is appropriate for the public to see.
The news is gathered from many different locations and people. Most of the news is given by the emergency services. For example if there is a mass killing crime, the news researchers will go up the police and gather as much news and information about the crime. They also get there news from having researchers all around the world in many of the worlds biggest countries.
In 1973 Galtung and ruge, TV news researchers believe that the stories that we show on the news is selected by certain categories. They said that the news went thought these categories in the top 12 most segnificent order.
1.Frequency Short-term events like murders are preferred over long-term developments like a famine
2.Threshold
Basically the size of an event indicates his importance
3.Unambiguity
Events do not have to be simple but they must be accessible to the public - i.e. simplified by the media
4.Meaningfulness
Divided into two categories after Galtung and Ruge’s‘Familiarity’: a)
cultural proximity
in which the event agrees with the outlook of a specific culture; b)
relevance
where events will be reported and discussed if they seem to have an impact on the ‘home’ culture, especially athreat
5.Consonance
Or ‘correspondence’ where the familiar is more likely to be thought than the unfamiliar
6.Unexpectedness
Or ‘surprise’ where it is the rarity of an event whichleads to its circulation in the public domain; Dutton notes that the ‘newness’ of the event is usually processed through a familiar context. It has to work with 4 and 5.
7.Continuity
Once a story achieves importance will be continued to be covered for some time
8.Composition
This is to provide a sense of balance, gloomy news with good news, foreign with domestic.
9.Reference to elite nations
Events are more likely to be reported if they occur in the developed world; the threshold system would apply for developing countries’ events to be reported
10.Reference to elite persons
The famous and the powerful are more newsworthy than ordinary people
11.Personalisation
Events are seen as actions of people as individuals; an institution may be personalised by reference to a prominent person within that organisation
12.Negativity
Bad news is good for the press and TV news; the threshold is much lower for bad news than for good news.
This list was found by http://heworthmediastudies.blogspot.co.uk/2010/04/galtung-and-ruge-news-values-theory.html
The news is chosen by the news reporter and the other researchers sitting down and going through the main news that they have selected that is the best to put on the news. They select a number of stories and altercate a time span that, that story can have. The bigger the story is, the longer the story has on the news.
But some laws that prevent some stories getting on to the news. This is to prevent anything offencive or harmful that could effect children under the age of 18. These rules where inforced by OFCOM. Also news stories that could be betrayed as rasism. These stories have to be checked through by OFCOM, which check through their rules, and see if any of the stories cannot be used. If so that story will have to be scrapped as the news cannot change the news, or be biast to a story.
Some stories cost lots of money to follow as you have to send reporters out to the countries where the stories are, and you have to pay the cost of them getting there, food and living accomidation whilst out there. This is why most news companies have reporters from different countries to save on costs. A good example of cost is in the early days of ITV where there were a story about the chinese government killing mass number of chinese citivens, and ITV had ran out of money at the time, and didnt have enough money to send a reporter to cover the story. Where as BBC had money at the time and was able to send a reporter, leading them to making a huge profit leading to better success.Competition between news companies can cause
some stories to be left out and never followed up
from. Because if all the news reporters are
concertrating on one story, there is no one
concentrating on the other stories. Even knowing
that the BBC and ITV are two different media
companies, and there are many news stories every day they both mainly cover the same stories. The images to the left are screen shots of BBC and ITV both covering the stories of Jimmy Savlle and Abu Qatada on the same day.
The order of the news can be changed even after the final list had been done, this is due to a late breaking story, Late breaking stories are more important that the current news that is selected. The researcher will place this story as the main priority, which means that one of the littler stories in taken off the list. This story will not be shown on the TV again and will just be scrapped.This leads on to technical problems. This can happen any time whilst live on the news. Just one of the examples of this is when they go live to a reporter in a different country, but due to bad weather or signal the image would be lost so the news reporters would have to react quickly to change to story.
When it comes to get footage for a news story, most of the footage that is shown on is mainly footage that they get from their archives. This is because it costs to send out a pamera man to get the footage that is needed for the certain story.
The news is as far as it could possible be from being a window on the world because the news that is selected is chosen mostly by one select group of men which makes it a window on the world for them and not for women, children, boys, girls and different ethnic backgrounds. I believe that it isnt because they protray people in the wrong way through the news. For example people believe that the youth are dangerous people just because the news shows some youth behaving badly, where as people of all ages and sex do it as well.
This is a start but not yet a pass Jamie. You will need to work on it further to ensure you cover everything.
ReplyDeleteNow much better and a merit.
ReplyDelete